Ethylene is a plant hormone that differs from other plant hormones in being a gas.

​

As they approach maturity, many fruits (ex. oranges, bananas, kiwis, apples, avocados) release ethylene.

​

Ethylene then promotes the ripening and senescence of the fruit.

​

Ethylene also affects many other plant functions such as:
 

          • abscission of leaves, fruits, and flower petals;

​          • drooping of leaves;
          • sprouting of potato buds;
          • seed germination;
          • flower formation in some species.

​

When plants ripen in their natural environment, the ethylene is released into the surrounding air and naturally dissipates. However, when fresh produce is placed in a cool room, the ethylene gets trapped and builds up, which accelerates the ripening process. This accelerated ripening can cause produce to spoil rapidly.

​

Small amounts of ethylene gas during shipping and storage causes most fresh produce to deteriorate faster. Automotive emissions, plastics, smoke and fluorescent lights all increase ethylene gas levels. A single propane-powered forklift can cause serious damage in highly ethylene gas-sensitive commodities.